전통문화소개 Relationship

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미국 국립 공문서관에서(보다) 텍사스 아버지에게 보내져 온 봉투와 편지

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OFFICE OF WAR INFORMATION

Psychological Warfare Team
Attached to
U.S. Army Forces
India-Burma Theater
APO 689

Japanese Prisoner
of War Interrogation
Report No. 49.

Place interrogated: Ledo Stockade
Date Interrogated: Aug. 20 - Sept. 10, 1944
Date of Report: October 1, 1944
By: T/3 Alex Yorichi


Prisoners: 20 Korean Comfort Girls
Date of Capture: August 10, 1944
Date of Arrival: August 15, 1994
at Stockade

PREFACE

Thisreport is based on the information obtained from the interrogation oftwenty Korean “comfort girls” and two Japanese civilians captured aroundthe tenth of August, 1944 in the mopping up operations after the fallof Myitkyin a in Burma.

Thereport shows how the Japanese recruited these Korean “comfort girls”,the conditions under which they lived and worked, their relations withand reaction to the Japanese soldier, and their understanding of themilitary situation.

A “comfort girl” is nothing more than a prostitute or “professionalcamp follower” attached to the Japanese Army for the benefit of the soldiers. The word"comfort girl” is peculiar to the Japanese. Other reports showthe “comfort girls” have been found wherever it was necessaryfor the Japanese Army to fight. This report however deals only with theKorean “comfort girls” recruited by the Japanese and attachedto their Army in Burma. The Japanese are reported to have shipped some703 of these girls to Burma in 1942.

RECRUITING;

Earlyin May of 1942 Japanese agents arrived in Korea for the purpose ofenlisting Korean girls for “comfort service” in newly conquered Japaneseterritories in Southeast Asia. The nature of this “service” was notspecified but it was assumed to be work connected with visiting thewounded in hospitals, rolling bandages, and generally making thesoldiers happy. The inducement used by these agents was plenty of money,an opportunity to pay off the family debts, easy work, and the prospectof a new life in a new land, Singapore. On the basis of these falserepresentations many girls enlisted for overseas duty and were rewardedwith an advance of a few hundred yen.

Themajority of the girls were ignorant and uneducated, although a few hadbeen connected with “oldest profession on earth” before. The contractthey signed bound them to Army regulations and to war for the “housemaster ” for a period of from six months to a year depending on thefamily debt for which they were advanced ...

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미국 전시 정보국
심리 작전반

미국 육군 인도・버마 전역군소속
APO689
전시
일본인
포로 심문 보고
제49호

심문 장소:레드 포로 수용소
심문 기간:1944년 8월 20일〜9월 10일
보고 연월일 1944년 10월 1일
보고자 T/3 
알렉스・요리치

포로 한국인 위안부 20명
포획일:1944연 8월 10일
수용소 도착일:1944연 8월 15일
처음에
이 보고는, 1944년 8월 10일경, 버마의 밋치나 함락 후의 소탕 작전에 대해 잡힌 20명의 한국인「위안부」와 2명의 일본의 민간인에 대한 심문으로부터 얻은 정보에 근거하는 것이다.

이 보고는, 이것들 한국인「위안부」를 모집하기 위해서 일본군이 이용한 방법, 위안부의 생활 및 노동의 조건, 일본 군병사에 대한 위안부의 관계와 반응, 군사 정세에 대한 위안부의 이해 정도를 나타내고 있다.

「위안부」와는, 장병을 위해서 일본군에 소속해 있는 매춘부, 즉「추군매춘부(일본군을 뒤쫓아 온 매춘부)」와 다름없다.「위안부」라고 하는 용어는, 일본군특유의 것이다.이 보고 이외에도, 일본군에 있어서 전투의 필요가 있는 장소에서는 어디에라도「위안부」가 존재해 온 것을 나타내 보이는 보고가 있다.그러나, 이 보고는, 일본인에 의해서 고용되어 한편, 버마 주둔 일본군에 소속해 있는 조선;인「위안부」인 만큼 대해 말하는 것이다.일본은, 1942년에 이러한 여성 대략 703명을 해상운송 했다고 전하고 있다.

모집;

1942년 5 월초순, 일본?`후 알선 업자들이, 일본군에 의해서 새롭게 정복된 동남아시아제지역에 있어서의「위안 역무」에 오르는 조선;인 여성을 모집하기 위해(때문에), 조선에 도착했다.이「역무」의 성격은 명시되지 않았지만, 그것은 병원에 있는 부상병을 문병해, 붕대를 감아 주어, 그리고 일반적으로 말하면, 장병을 기쁘게 하는 것에 관계되는 일이다고 생각되고 있었다.이러한 중개업자가 이용하는 권유의 말은, 고액의 금전과 가족의 부채를 반제하는 호기, 거기에, 편한 일과 신천지 싱가폴에 있어서의 신생활이라고 하는 장래성이었다.이러한 거짓의 설명을 믿고, 많은 여성이 해외 근무에 응모해, 2〜3백엔의 전도금을 받았다.

이러한 여성의 집에는, 「지상에서 가장 낡은 직업」에 이전때문인지 변하고 있던 사람도 약간 있었지만, 대부분은 매춘에 대해 무지, 무교육이었다.그녀들이 묶은 계약은, 가족의 빚반제에 충당하기 전 건네받은 금액에 따라 6개월부터 1년에 걸쳐, 그녀들을 군의 규칙과「위안소의 가루의 주인」를 위한 역무에 속박 했다.


Approximately800 of these girls were recruited in this manner and they landed withtheir Japanese “house master ” at Rangoon around August 20th, 1942. Theycame in groups of from eight to twenty-two. From here they weredistributed to various parts of Burma, usually to fair sized towns nearJapanese Army camps.
Eventually four of these units reached the Myitkyina. They were,Kyoei, Kinsui, Bakushinro, and Momoya. The Kyoei house was called the"Maruyama Club”, but was changed when the girls reached Myitkyina asCol.Maruyama, commander of the garrison at Myitkyina, objected to thesimilarity to his name.

PERSONALITY;

Theinterrogations show the average Korean “comfort girl” to be abouttwenty-five years old, uneducated, childish, and selfish. She is notpretty either by Japanese of Caucasian standards. She is inclined to beegotistical and likes to talk about herself. Her attitude in front ofstrangers is quiet and demure, but she “knows the wiles of a woman.” Sheclaims to dislike her “profession” and would rather not talk eitherabout it or her family. Because of the kind treatment she received as aprisoner from American soldiers at Myitkyina and Ledo, she feels thatthey are more emotional than Japanese soldiers. She is afraid of Chineseand Indian troops.

LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS;

In Myitkyina the girls were usually quartered in a large two story house(usually a school building) with a separate room for each girl. There eachgirl lived, slept, and transacted business. In Myitkina their food wasprepared by and purchased from the “house master” as they receivedno regular ration from the Japanese Army. They lived in near-luxury in Burma in comparison to other places. This was especially true of their second year in Burma. They lived well because their food and material was not heavily rationedand they had plenty of money with which to purchase desired articles. Theywere able to buy cloth, shoes, cigarettes, and cosmetics to supplementthe many gifts given to them by soldiers who had received “comfortbags” from home.

Whilein Burma they amused themselves by participating in sports events withboth officers and men, and attended picnics, entertainments, and socialdinners. They had a phonograph and in the towns they were allowed to goshopping.

PRIOR SYSTEM;

Theconditions under which they transacted business were regulated by theArmy, and in congested areas regulations were strictly enforced. TheArmy found it necessary in congested areas to install a system ofprices, priorities, and schedules for the various units operating in aparticular areas.  According to interrogations the average system was asfollows:


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이러한 여성 대략 800명이, 이와 같이 해 징집 되어 1942년 8월 20일경, 「위안소의 가루의 주인(고용주)」에 이끌려 랭군에 상륙했다.그녀들은, 8명내지 22명의 집단에서 왔다.그녀들은, 여기에서 버마의 제지방에, 통상은 일본군주둔지의 근처에 걸어든지의 규모의 도시에 배속되었다.결국, 이러한 집단 중 네 개가 밋치나 부근에 도달했다.그러한 집단은, 쿄웨이, 킨스이, 바크신로우, 모모야였다.쿄웨이 위안소는「마르야마크라브」로 불리고 있었지만, 밋치나 주둔 부대장의 마루야마 대령이, 그의 이름을 닮은 명칭인 것에 이의를 주장했기 때문에, 위안부들이 도착한 때로 개칭되었다.

성질;

심문에 의해 판명된 곳은, 평균적인 조선;인 위안부는 25세 정도로, 무교육, 유치, 변덕, 그리고, 멋대로이다.위안부는, 일본식 기준으로부터 말해도 백인적 기준으로부터 말해도, 미인은 아니다.대체로 자기중심적으로, 자신(뿐)만 이야기 하고 싶어한다.낯선 사람의 앞에서는, 조용하고 점잔뺀 태도를 보이지만, 「여자의 농간을 알고 있는 」.자신의「직업」가 싫다고 하고 있어 일에 대해서도 가족에 대해서도 이야기했지만들 없다.포로로서 밋치나나 레드의 미국병사로부터 친절한 취급을 받았기 때문에, 미국병사 쪽이 일본병보다 인정많다고 느끼고 있다.위안부는 중국병과 인도병을 무서워하고 있다.

생활 및 노동의 환경;

밋치나에서는 위안부들은, 통상, 개인실이 있는 이층건물의 대규모 가옥(보통은 학교의 교사)에 숙박하고 있었다.각각의 위안부는, 거기서 자고 일어나기 해, 업을 영위했다.그녀들은, 일본군으로부터 일정한 식료를 사고 있었다.버마에서의 그녀들의 생활 모습은, 호화라고도 할 수 있는 만큼에서 만났다.이 점은 버마 생활 2년 눈에 띄어 특별히 말할 수 있는 것이었다.식료・물자의 배급량은 많지 않았지만, 갖고 싶은 물품을 구입하는 돈은 충분히 받고 있었으므로, 그녀들의 살림살이는 좋았다.그녀들은, 고향으로부터 위문대를 받은 병사가 주는 여러가지 선물에 가세하고, 그것을 보충하는 의류, 구두, 종이로 접음 담배, 화장품을 살 수 있었다.
그녀들은, 버마 체제중, 장병과 함께 스포츠 행사에 참가해 즐겁게 보내, 또, 피크닉, 연주회, 저녁 식사회에 출석했다.그녀들은 축음기를 갖고 있었고, 도시에서는 쇼핑하러 나가는 것이 허락되었다.


우선 순위 요금등;

위안부의 영업 조건은 군에 의해서 규제되어 위안소의 이용 어느 높은 지역에서는, 규칙은 엄격하게 실시되었다.이용도의 높은 지역에서는, 군은 요금, 이용 우선 순위, 및 특정 지역에서 작전을 실시하고 있는 각부대를 위한 이용 시간표 맞혀 제를 제정할 필요가 있다고 생각했다.심문에 의하면 보통 요금은 다음과 같았다.

1. Soldiers

10 AM to 5 PM

1.50 yen

20 to 30 minutes

2. NCOs

5 PM to 9 PM

3.00 yen

30 to 40 minutes

3. Officers

9 PM to 12 PM

5.00 yen

30 to 40 minutes

Thesewere average prices in Central Burma. Officers were allowed to stayovernight for twenty yen. In Myitkyina Col. Maruyama slashed the pricesto almost one-half of the average price.

SCHEDULES;

Thesoldiers often complained about congestion in the houses. In manysituations they were not served and had to leave as the army was verystrict about overstaying. In order to overcome this problem the Army setaside certain days for certain units. Usually two men from the unit forthe day were stationed at the house to identify soldiers. A roving MPwas also on hand to keep order. Following is the schedule used by the"Kyoei” house for the various units of the 18th pision while atNaymyo.

Sunday

18th p. Hdqs. Staff

Monday

Cavalry

Tuesday

Engineers

Wednesday

Day off and weekly physical exam.

Thursday

Medics

Friday

Mountain artillery

Saturday

Transport

Officers were allowed to come seven nights a week. The girls complained that even with the schedule congestion was so greatthat they could not care for all guests, thus causing ill feeling amongmany of the soldiers.

Soldiers would come to the house, pay the price and get tickets of cardboardabout two inches square with the prior on the left side and the name ofthe house on the other side. Each soldier"s identity or rank was then establishedafter which he “took his turn in line”. The girls were allowed the prerogative of refusing a customer. This was often done if the person were too drunk.

PAY AND LIVING CONDITIONS;

The"house master” received fifty to sixty per cent of the girls” grossearnings depending on how much of a debt each girl had incurred when shesigned her contract. This meant that in an average month a girl wouldgross about fifteen hundred yen. She turned over seven hundred and fiftyto the “master”. Many “masters” made life very difficult for the girlsby charging them high prices for food and other articles.

Inthe latter part of 1943 the Army issued orders that certain girls whohad paid their debt could return home. Some of the girls were thusallowed to return to Korea.

Theinterrogations further show that the health of these girls was good.They were well supplied with all types of contraceptives, and oftensoldiers would bring their own which


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1.군사오전 10시〜오후 5시 1.5 엔20〜30분
2.하사관오후 5시〜오후 9시 3 엔30〜40분
3.장교오후 9시〜오후 12시 5 엔30〜40분
이상은 중부 버마에 있어서의 평균적 요금이었다.장교는 20엔으로 묵는 일도 인정되고 있었다.밋치나에서는, 마루야마 대령은 요금을 깎아 시세의 반 근처까지 인하했다.

이용 일당 맞혀 겉(표);

병사들은, 위안소가 혼잡하면 자주 불만을 호소했다.규정 시간외 이용(영업 시간외)에 대해서는, 군이 극히 어려운 태도를 취하고 있었으므로,많은 경우, 그들은 여성과 만나지 못하고 돌아오지 않으면 안 되었다.이 문제를 해결하기 위해(때문에), 군은 각부대를 위해서 특정일을 마련했다.그 날의 요원으로서 통상 해당 부대원 2명이, 대원의 확인을 위해서 위안소에 배치되었다.질서를 유지하기 위해, 감시 임무의 헌병도 둘러 보았다.제18 사단이 메이 묘하게 주둔했고 말이야 있어, 각부대를 위해서「쿄웨이」위안소가 사용한 이용 일당표는, 다음과 같다.
일요일―― 제18 사단 사령부.
월요일――기병대
화요일――공병대
수요일――휴업일, 정례 건강진단
목요일――위생대
금요일――산지 전투를 위한 대포 군인
토요일――치중대
장교는 주에 밤 7회 이용하는 것이 인정되고 있었다.위안부들은, 일당표 대로에서도 이용도가 극히 높기 때문에, 모든 손님을 상대로 하지 못하고, 그 결과, 많은 병사의 사이에 험악한 감정을 만들어 내게 된다라는 불만을 누설하고 있었다.
병사들은 위안소에 오고, 요금을 지불해, 판지로 만든 약 2 인치 사방의 이용권을 샀지만, 거기에는 좌측으로 요금액, 우측으로 위안소의 명칭이 쓰여져 있었다.다음에, 각각의 병사의 소속과 계급이 확인되어 그 후에 병사는「열을 만들고 차례를 기다린 」.위안부는 접객을 거절할 권리를 인정받고 있었다.접객 거부는, 손님이 만취하고 있는 경우에 자주 일어나는 것이었다.

보수 및 생활상태

「위안소의 가루의 주인」는, 각각의 위안부가, 계약을 맺은 시점에서 어느 정도의 채무액수를 부담하고 있었는지를 따르고 차이는 있지만, 위안부의 돈벌이의 총액의 50내지 60퍼센트를 받고 있었다.이것은, 위안부가 보통 달에 총액 1500엔 정도의 돈벌이를 얻고 있던 것을 의미한다.위안부는, 「가루의 주인」에 750엔을 건네주고 있었던 것이다.많은「가루의 주인」는, 식료, 그 외의 물품의 대금으로 해서 위안부들에게 고액의 청구를 하고 있었기 때문에, 그녀들은 생활 곤란에 빠졌다.
1943년의 후기에,군은, 빚을 다 반제한 특정의 위안부에게는 귀국을 인정하는 취지의 지시를 내렸다.그 결과, 일부의 위안부는 조선에 돌아가는 것이 용서되었다.
한층 더 또,심문이 분명히 하는데 따르면, 이러한 위안부의 건강 상태는 양호했다.그녀들은, 모든 타입의 피임 도구를 충분히 지급되고 있어


hadbeen supplied by the army. They were well trained in looking after boththemselves and customers in the matter of hygiene. A regular JapaneseArmy doctor visited the houses once a week and any girl found diseasedwas given treatment, secluded, and eventually sent to a hospital. Thissame procedure was carried on within the ranks of the Army itself, butit is interesting to note that a soldier did not lose pay during theperiod he was confined.

REACTIONS TO JAPANESE SOLDIERS;

Intheir relations with the Japanese officers and men only two names ofany consequence came out of interrogations. They were those of Col.Maruyama, commander of the garrison at Myitkyina and Maj. Gen.Mizukami,who brought in reinforcements. The two were exact opposites. The formerwas hard, selfish and repulsive with no consideration for his men; thelatter a good, kind man and a fine soldier, with the utmostconsideration for those who worked under him. The Colonel was a constanthabitué of the houses while the General was never known to have visitedthem. With the fall of Myitkyina, Col. Maruyama supposedly desertedwhile Gen. Mizukami committed suicide because he could not evacuate themen.

SOLDIERS REACTIONS;

Theaverage Japanese soldier is embarrassed about being seen in a “comforthouse” according to one of the girls who said, “when the place is packedhe is apt to be ashamed if he has to wait in line for his turn”. However there were numerous instances of proposals of marriage and in certaincases marriages actually took place.

Allthe girls agreed that the worst officers and men who came to see themwere those who were drunk and leaving for the front the following day.But all likewise agreed that even though very drunk the Japanese soldiernever discussed military matters or secrets with them. Though the girlsmight start the conversation about some military matter the officer orenlisted man would not talk, but would in fact “scold us for discussingsuch un-lady like subjects. Even Col. Maruyama when drunk would neverdiscuss such matters.”

Thesoldiers would often express how much they enjoyed receiving magazines,letters and newspapers from home. They also mentioned the receipt of"comfort bags” filled with canned goods, magazines, soap, handkerchiefs,toothbrush, miniature doll, lipstick, and wooden clothes. The lipstickand cloths were feminine and the girls couldn"t understand why thepeople at home were sending such articles. They speculated that thesender could only have had themselves or the “native girls”.


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또, 병사들도, 군으로부터 지급된 피임 도구를 자신 쪽으로부터도는 오는 경우가 많았다.위안부는 위생에 관해서, 그녀들 자신에 대해서도 손님에 대해서도 배려같게 충분한 훈련을 받고 있었다.일본군의 정규의 군의관이 위안소를 주에 한 번 방문했지만, 이환하고 있다고 인정된 위안부는 모두 처치를 실시해져 격리된 후, 최종적으로는 병원에 보내졌다.군그 자체 중(안)에서도, 완전히 같은 처치가 실시해졌지만, 흥미로운 일로서는, 병사는 입원해도 그 기간의 급여를 받을 수 없게 될 것은 없었다고 하는 점이 주목받는다.

일본의 군인에 대한 반응;

위안부와 일본군장병과의 관계에 대하고, 대략 중요 인물로서는, 두 명의 이름이 심문으로부터 떠오른 것만으로 있다.그것은, 밋치나 주둔 부대 지휘관 마루야마 대령과 증원 부대를 인솔해 온 수상 소장이었다.양자의 성격은 정반대였다.전자는, 냉혹하고 이기적인 혐오 해야 할 인물로, 부하에 대해서 전혀 배려가 없었지만, 후자는, 인격의 뛰어난심의 상냥한 인물이며, 또 훌륭한 군인으로, 그의 아래에서 일을 하는 사람들에 대해서 이 이상 없는 배려를 갖고 있었다.대령은 위안소의 단골인 것에 대해, 후자가 위안소에 왔다고 하는 이야기는 듣지 않았다.밋치나의 함락과 동시에 마루야마 대령은 탈출해 버린 것이라고 생각되지만, 수상 장군 쪽은, 부하를 철퇴시킬 수 없었다고 하는 이유로부터 자결했다.

병사들의 반응;

위안부의 한 명에 의하면, 평균적인 일본 군인은, 「위안소」에 있을 곳을 볼 수 있는 것을 규칙악꾸중, 그녀가 말하려면 , 「위안소가 가득찬 만원으로, 줄서 차례를 기다리지 않으면 안 되는 경우에는, 대부분 부끄러워하는」그렇다.그러나,결혼 신청의 사례는 많이 있어, 실제로 결혼이 성립한 예도 몇개인가 있었다.
모든 위안부의 일치해?`스 의견에서는, 그녀들의 곳으로 오는 장교와 병사 속에서 가장 시말이 나쁜 것은, 술에 취하고 있고, 게다가, 다음날 전쟁 전이 다가오게 되어 있는 무리였다.그러나, 똑같이 그녀들이 입을 모아 말하려면 , 일본의 군인은, 비록 아무리 취하고 있어도, 그녀들을 상대로 해 군사와 관계되는 일이나 비밀에 대해 이야기하는 것은 결코 없었다.위안부들이 무엇인가 군사상의 일에 대한 이야기를 시작해도, 장교도 하사관이나 병사도 말하려고 하지 않기는 커녕, 「그러한, 여자에 어울리지 않는 것을 화제로 하지 말아라, 물어 개도 꾸짖었고, 그러한 일에 대해서는 마루야마 대령조차, 술에 취하고 있을 때에도 결코 이야기하지 않았던 」.
자주 병사들은, 고향으로부터의 잡지, 편지, 신문을 받는 것이 얼마나 기다려진가를 말했다.그들은, 통조림, 잡지, 비누, 손수건, 칫솔, 작은 인형, 립스틱, 나막신등이 가득 들어간「위문대」를 받았다고 하는 이야기도 했다.립스틱이나 나막신은, 어떻게 생각해도 여성용의 것이며, 위안부들에게는, 고향의 사람들이 왜 그러한 물건을 배웅하고 오는지 이해할 수 없었다.그녀들은, 발송인으로 해 보면, 자기 자신 즉「모`{이래의 여성」를 마음에 그릴 수 밖에 할 수 없었기 때문에 있을것이다라고 추측했다.


REACTION TO THE MILITARY SITUATION;

It appears they knew very little about the military situation around Myitkyinaeven up to and including the time of
their retreat and capture. There is however some information worth nothing:

“In the initial attack on Myitleyna and the airstrip about two hundredJapanese died in battle, leaving about two hundred to defend the town.Ammunition was very low.

“Col.Maruyama dispersed his men. During the following days the enemy wereshooting haphazardly everywhere. It was a waste since they didn"t seemto aim at any particular thing. The Japanese soldiers on the other handhad orders to fire one shot at a time and only when they were sure of ahit.”

Beforethe enemy attacked on the west airstrip, soldiers stationed aroundMyitkyina were dispatched elsewhere, to storm the Allied attack in theNorth and West. About four hundred men were left behind, largely fromthe 114th Regiment. Evidently Col. Maruyama did not expect the town tobe attacked. Later Maj. Gen. Mizukami of the 56th pision brought inreinforcements of more than two regiments but these were unable to holdthe town.

Itwas the consensus among the girls that Allied bombings were intense andfrightening and because of them they spent most of their last days infoxholes. One or two even carried on work there. The comfort houses werebombed and several of the girls were wounded and killed.


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군사 정세에 대한 반응;

위안부들은, 그녀들이 퇴각해 포로가 되는 시점까지, 또 그 시점에 있어도, 밋치나 주변의 군사 정세에 대해서는, 거의 아무것도 몰랐던 것 같다.그러나, 주목할 만하는 약간의 정보가 있다.

「밋치나 및 동지의 활주로에 대한 최초의 공격으로, 약 200명의 일본병이 전사해, 동시의 방위 요원은 200명 정도가 되었다.탄약량은 극히 적었다.」
「마루야마 대령은 부하를 산개 시켰다.그 후 몇일간, 적은, 도달하는 곳에서 억측에 사격하고 있었다.이렇다 할 특정의 대상을 표적으로 하고 있도록(듯이)는 생각되지 않았으니까, 헛됨격였다.이것에 반하고, 일본병은, 한 번에 일발, 그것도 틀림없이 명중한다고 판단했을 때에 마셔 공격하도록(듯이) 명령되고 있었다.」

밋치나 주변에 배치되고 있던 병사들은, 적이 서활주로에 공격을 걸기 전에 다른 장소에 급파되어 북부 및 서부에 있어서의 연합국군의 공격을 막으려고 했다.주로 제114 연대 소속의 약 400명이 남겨졌다.분명하게, 마루야마 대령은, 밋치나가 공격받는다고는 생각하지 않았던 것이다.그 후, 제56 보병단의 수상융`장이 니개연대〔소대〕이상의 증원 부대를 인솔해 왔지만, 그것을 가지고 해도, 밋치나를 방위할 수 없었다.
위안부들의 일치한 말에 의하면, 연합국군에 의한 폭격은 깜짝 놀라게 할 만큼 치열하고, 그 때문에, 그녀들은 마지막 시기의 대부분을 소호〔피난호〕 속에서 보냈다고 한다.그러한 상황 속에서 일을 계속한 위안부도 1, 2명 있었다.위안소가 폭격되어 위안부수명이 부상해 사망했다.


REQUESTS

Noneof the girls appeared to have heard the loudspeaker used at Myitkyinabut very did overhear the soldiers mention a “radio broadcast.”

Theyasked that leaflets telling of the capture of the “comfort girls"should not be used for it would endanger the lives of other girls if theArmy knew of their capture. They did think it would be a good idea toutilize the fact of their capture in any droppings planned for Korea.


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선전;

위안부들은, 사용되고 있던 반일 선전 리플릿는, 거의 아무것도 몰랐다.위안부들은 병사가 손에 넣고 있던 리플릿을 2,  3본 것은 있었지만, 그것은 일본어로 쓰여져 해, 병사는 그녀들을 상대에게 거기에 붙어 결코 이야기하려고는 하지 않았기 때문에, 내용을 이해할 수 있던 위안부는 거의 없었다.한 명의 위안부가 마루야마 대령에 대한 리플릿(그것은 아무래도 밋치나 주둔 부대에의 어필이었던 것 같지만)의 고도를 기억하고 있었지만, 그러나, 그녀는 그것을 믿지 않았다.병사가 리플릿을 서로 이야기하고 있는 것을 (들)물은 위안부도 여러명 있었지만, 그녀들 우연히 들었다고, 구체적인 이야기를 들을 것은 없었다.그러나, 흥미로운 점으로서는, 어느A 장교가「일본은 이 전쟁에 이길 수 없는」라는 견해를 말했던 것이 주목받는다.

요망;

위안부 속에서, 밋치나로 사용된 확성기에 의한 방송을 (들)물은 사람은 아무도 없었던 것 같지만, 그녀들은, 병사가「라디오 방송」를 이야기하고 있는 것을 확실히 (들)물었다.
그녀들은, 「위안부」가 포로가 된?`아를 알리는 리플릿은 사용하지 말고 주어와 요망했다.그녀들이 포로가 된 것을 군이 알면, 아마 다른 위안부의 생명이 위험하게 되기 때문이다.그러나, 위안부들은, 스스로가 포로가 되었다고 하는 사실을 알리는 리플릿을 조선에서 계획되고 있으면 우가에 활용하는 것은 명안이어도, 확실히 생각했던 것이다.
     
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부록 A

이하는 이 보고에 이용된 정보를 얻기 위해서 심문을 받은 20명의 조선;인「위안부」와 일본인 민간인 2명의 이름이다.조선;인명은 음독으로 표기하고 있다.

  명연령 주소
1 「S」 21세 경상남도 진주
2 「K」 28세 경상남도 삼천포〔이하약어 〕
3 「P」 26세 경상남도 진주
4 「C」 21세 경상북도 대구
5 「C」 27세 경상남도 진주
6 「K」 25세 경상북도 대구
7 「K」 19세 경상북도 대구
8 「K」 25세 경상남도 부산
9 「K」 21세 경상남도 쿠보크
(마마)
10 「K」 22세 경상남도 대구
11 「K」 26세 경상남도 진주
12 「P」 27세 경상남도 진주
(마마)
13 「C」 21세 경상남도 케이잔군〔이하약어 〕
14 「K」 21세 경상남도 함양〔이하약어 〕
15 「Y」 31세 평안 남도 평양
16 「O」 20세 평안 남도 평양
17 「K」 20세 경기도 경성
18 「H」 21세 경기도 경성
19 「O」 20세 경상북도 대구
20 「K」 21세 전라남도 광주

일본인 민간인
1  키탐라트미코 38세 경기도 경성
2  키탐라에이분 41세 경기도 경성

米軍公文書「慰安婦は高賃金の売春婦」「楽しそうに働いてた」


Envelope sent by National Archives to confirm the validity of the followingdocuments.

Recipient Mr. Tony Marano (PropagandaBuser : Texas Daddy : テキサス親父)

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米国国立公文書館よりテキサス親父へ送られて来た封筒と手紙

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OFFICE OF WAR INFORMATION

Psychological Warfare Team
Attached to
U.S. Army Forces
India-Burma Theater
APO 689

Japanese Prisoner
of War Interrogation
Report No. 49.

Place interrogated: Ledo Stockade
Date Interrogated: Aug. 20 - Sept. 10, 1944
Date of Report: October 1, 1944
By: T/3 Alex Yorichi


Prisoners: 20 Korean Comfort Girls
Date of Capture: August 10, 1944
Date of Arrival: August 15, 1994
at Stockade

PREFACE

Thisreport is based on the information obtained from the interrogation oftwenty Korean "comfort girls" and two Japanese civilians captured aroundthe tenth of August, 1944 in the mopping up operations after the fallof Myitkyin a in Burma.

Thereport shows how the Japanese recruited these Korean "comfort girls",the conditions under which they lived and worked, their relations withand reaction to the Japanese soldier, and their understanding of themilitary situation.

A "comfort girl" is nothing more than a prostitute or "professionalcamp follower" attached to the Japanese Army for the benefit of the soldiers. The word"comfort girl" is peculiar to the Japanese. Other reports showthe "comfort girls" have been found wherever it was necessaryfor the Japanese Army to fight. This report however deals only with theKorean "comfort girls" recruited by the Japanese and attachedto their Army in Burma. The Japanese are reported to have shipped some703 of these girls to Burma in 1942.

RECRUITING;

Earlyin May of 1942 Japanese agents arrived in Korea for the purpose ofenlisting Korean girls for "comfort service" in newly conquered Japaneseterritories in Southeast Asia. The nature of this "service" was notspecified but it was assumed to be work connected with visiting thewounded in hospitals, rolling bandages, and generally making thesoldiers happy. The inducement used by these agents was plenty of money,an opportunity to pay off the family debts, easy work, and the prospectof a new life in a new land, Singapore. On the basis of these falserepresentations many girls enlisted for overseas duty and were rewardedwith an advance of a few hundred yen.

Themajority of the girls were ignorant and uneducated, although a few hadbeen connected with "oldest profession on earth" before. The contractthey signed bound them to Army regulations and to war for the "housemaster " for a period of from six months to a year depending on thefamily debt for which they were advanced ...

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アメリカ戦時情報局
心理作戦班

アメリカ陸軍インド・ビルマ戦域軍所属
APO689
戦時
日本人
捕虜尋問報告
第49号

尋問場所:レド捕虜収容所
尋問期間:1944年8月20日〜9月10日
報告年月日 1944年10月1日
報告者 T/3 
アレックス・ヨリチ

捕虜 朝鮮人慰安婦20名
捕獲日:1944年8月10日
収容所到着日:1944年8月15日
はじめに
この報告は、1944年8月10日ごろ、ビルマのミッチナ陥落後の掃討作戦において捕らえられた20名の朝鮮人「慰安婦」と2名の日本の民間人に対する尋問から得た情報に基づくものである。

この報告は、これら朝鮮人「慰安婦」を募集するために日本軍が用いた方法、慰安婦の生活および労働の条件、日本軍兵士に対する慰安婦の関係と反応、軍事情勢についての慰安婦の理解程度を示している。

「慰安婦」とは、将兵のために日本軍に所属している売春婦、つまり「追軍売春婦(日本軍を追いかけて来た売春婦)」にほかならない。「慰安婦」という用語は、日本軍特有のものである。この報告以外にも、日本軍にとって戦闘の必要のある場所ではどこにでも「慰安婦」が存在してきたことを示す報告がある。しかし、この報告は、日本人によって雇用され、かつ、ビルマ駐留日本軍に所属している朝鮮;人「慰安婦」だけについて述べるものである。日本は、1942年にこれらの女性およそ703名を海上輸送したと伝えられている。

募 集;

1942年5月初旬、日本の斡旋業者たちが、日本軍によって新たに征服された東南アジア諸地域における「慰安役務」に就く朝鮮;人女性を募集するため、朝鮮に到着した。この「役務」の性格は明示されなかったが、それは病院にいる負傷兵を見舞い、包帯を巻いてやり、そして一般的に言えば、将兵を喜ばせることにかかわる仕事であると考えられていた。これらの周旋業者が用いる誘いのことばは、多額の金銭と、家族の負債を返済する好機、それに、楽な仕事と新天地シンガポールにおける新生活という将来性であった。このような偽りの説明 を信じて、多くの女性が海外勤務に応募し、2〜3百円の前渡金を受け取った。

これらの女性のうちには、「地上で最も古い職業」に以前からかかわっていた者も若干いたが、大部分は売春について無知、無教育であった。彼女たちが結んだ契約は、家族の借金返済に充てるために前渡された金額に応じて6ヵ月から1年にわたり、彼女たちを軍の規則と「慰安所の楼主」のための役務に束縛した。


Approximately800 of these girls were recruited in this manner and they landed withtheir Japanese "house master " at Rangoon around August 20th, 1942. Theycame in groups of from eight to twenty-two. From here they weredistributed to various parts of Burma, usually to fair sized towns nearJapanese Army camps.
Eventually four of these units reached the Myitkyina. They were,Kyoei, Kinsui, Bakushinro, and Momoya. The Kyoei house was called the"Maruyama Club", but was changed when the girls reached Myitkyina asCol.Maruyama, commander of the garrison at Myitkyina, objected to thesimilarity to his name.

PERSONALITY;

Theinterrogations show the average Korean "comfort girl" to be abouttwenty-five years old, uneducated, childish, and selfish. She is notpretty either by Japanese of Caucasian standards. She is inclined to beegotistical and likes to talk about herself. Her attitude in front ofstrangers is quiet and demure, but she "knows the wiles of a woman." Sheclaims to dislike her "profession" and would rather not talk eitherabout it or her family. Because of the kind treatment she received as aprisoner from American soldiers at Myitkyina and Ledo, she feels thatthey are more emotional than Japanese soldiers. She is afraid of Chineseand Indian troops.

LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS;

In Myitkyina the girls were usually quartered in a large two story house(usually a school building) with a separate room for each girl. There eachgirl lived, slept, and transacted business. In Myitkina their food wasprepared by and purchased from the "house master" as they receivedno regular ration from the Japanese Army. They lived in near-luxury in Burma in comparison to other places. This was especially true of their second year in Burma. They lived well because their food and material was not heavily rationedand they had plenty of money with which to purchase desired articles. Theywere able to buy cloth, shoes, cigarettes, and cosmetics to supplementthe many gifts given to them by soldiers who had received "comfortbags" from home.

Whilein Burma they amused themselves by participating in sports events withboth officers and men, and attended picnics, entertainments, and socialdinners. They had a phonograph and in the towns they were allowed to goshopping.

PRIOR SYSTEM;

Theconditions under which they transacted business were regulated by theArmy, and in congested areas regulations were strictly enforced. TheArmy found it necessary in congested areas to install a system ofprices, priorities, and schedules for the various units operating in aparticular areas. According to interrogations the average system was asfollows:


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これらの女性およそ800人が、このようにして徴集され、1942年8月20日ごろ、「慰安所の楼主(雇い主)」に連れられてラングーンに上陸した。彼女たちは、8人ないし22人の集団でやって来た。彼女たちは、ここからビルマの諸地方に、通常は日本軍駐屯地の近くにあるかなりの規模の都会に配属された。結局、これらの集団のうちの四つがミッチナ付近に到達した。それらの集団は、キョウエイ、キンスイ、バクシンロウ、モモヤであった。キョウエイ慰安所は「マルヤマクラブ」と呼ばれていたが、ミッチナ駐屯部隊長の丸山大佐が、彼の名前に似た名称であることに異議を唱えたため、慰安婦たちが到着したさいに改称された。

性 質;

尋問により判明したところでは、平均的な朝鮮;人慰安婦は25歳くらいで、無教育、幼稚、気まぐれ、そして、わがままである。慰安婦は、日本的基準からいっても白人的基準からいっても、美人ではない。とかく自己中心的で、自分のことばかり話したがる。見知らぬ人の前では、もの静かでとりすました態度を見せるが、「女の手練手管を心得ている」。自分の「職業」が嫌いだといっており、仕事のことについても家族のことについても話したがらない。捕虜としてミッチナやレドのアメリカ兵から親切な扱いを受けたために、アメリカ兵のほうが日本兵よりも人情深いと感じている。慰安婦は中国兵とインド兵を怖がっている。

生活および労働の環境;

ミッチナでは慰安婦たちは、通常、個室のある二階建ての大規模家屋(普通は学校の校舎)に宿泊していた。それぞれの慰安婦は、そこで寝起きし、業を営ん だ。彼女たちは、日本軍から一定の食料を買っていた。ビルマでの彼女たちの暮らしぶりは、贅沢ともいえるほどであった。この点はビルマ生活2年目について特に言えることであった。食料・物資の配給量は多くなかったが、欲しい物品を購入するお金はたっぷり貰っていたので、彼女たちの暮らし向きは良かった。彼女たちは、故郷から慰問袋をもらった兵士がくれるいろいろな贈り物に加えて、それを補う衣類、靴、紙巻きタバコ、化粧品を買うことができた。
彼女たちは、ビルマ滞在中、将兵と一緒にスポーツ行事に参加して楽しく過ごし、また、ピクニック、演奏会、夕食会に出席した。彼女たちは蓄音機をもっていたし、都会では買い物に出かけることが許された。


優先順位料金等;

慰安婦の営業条件は軍によって規制され、慰安所の利用どの高い地域では、規則は厳格に実施された。利用度の高い地域では、軍は料金、利用優先順位、および特定地域で作戦を実施している各部隊のための利用時間割り当て制を設ける必要があると考えた。尋問によれば普通の料金は次のとおりであった。

1. Soldiers

10 AM to 5 PM

1.50 yen

20 to 30 minutes

2. NCOs

5 PM to 9 PM

3.00 yen

30 to 40 minutes

3. Officers

9 PM to 12 PM

5.00 yen

30 to 40 minutes

Thesewere average prices in Central Burma. Officers were allowed to stayovernight for twenty yen. In Myitkyina Col. Maruyama slashed the pricesto almost one-half of the average price.

SCHEDULES;

Thesoldiers often complained about congestion in the houses. In manysituations they were not served and had to leave as the army was verystrict about overstaying. In order to overcome this problem the Army setaside certain days for certain units. Usually two men from the unit forthe day were stationed at the house to identify soldiers. A roving MPwas also on hand to keep order. Following is the schedule used by the"Kyoei" house for the various units of the 18th pision while atNaymyo.

Sunday

18th p. Hdqs. Staff

Monday

Cavalry

Tuesday

Engineers

Wednesday

Day off and weekly physical exam.

Thursday

Medics

Friday

Mountain artillery

Saturday

Transport

Officers were allowed to come seven nights a week. The girls complained that even with the schedule congestion was so greatthat they could not care for all guests, thus causing ill feeling amongmany of the soldiers.

Soldiers would come to the house, pay the price and get tickets of cardboardabout two inches square with the prior on the left side and the name ofthe house on the other side. Each soldier"s identity or rank was then establishedafter which he "took his turn in line". The girls were allowed the prerogative of refusing a customer. This was often done if the person were too drunk.

PAY AND LIVING CONDITIONS;

The"house master" received fifty to sixty per cent of the girls" grossearnings depending on how much of a debt each girl had incurred when shesigned her contract. This meant that in an average month a girl wouldgross about fifteen hundred yen. She turned over seven hundred and fiftyto the "master". Many "masters" made life very difficult for the girlsby charging them high prices for food and other articles.

Inthe latter part of 1943 the Army issued orders that certain girls whohad paid their debt could return home. Some of the girls were thusallowed to return to Korea.

Theinterrogations further show that the health of these girls was good.They were well supplied with all types of contraceptives, and oftensoldiers would bring their own which


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1.兵午前10時〜午後5時 1.5 円20〜30分
2.下士官午後5時〜午後9時 3 円30〜40分
3.将校午後9時〜午後12時 5 円30〜40分
以上は中部ビルマにおける平均的料金であった。将校は20円で泊まることも認められていた。ミッチナでは、丸山大佐は料金を値切って相場の半分近くまで引き下げた。

利用日割り当て表;

兵士たちは、慰安所が混んでいるとしばしば不満を訴えた。規定時間外利用(営業時間外)については、軍がきわめて厳しい態度をとっていたので、多くの場合、彼らは女性と会えずに引き揚げなければならなかった。この問題を解決するため、軍は各部隊のために特定日を設けた。その日の要員として、通常当該部隊員2名が、隊員の確認のために慰安所に配置された。秩序を保つため、監視任務の憲兵も見まわった。第18師団がメイミョーに駐留したさい、各部隊のために「キョウエイ」慰安所が使用した利用日割表は、次のとおりである。
日曜日――第18師団司令部。
月曜日――騎兵隊
火曜日――工兵隊
水曜日――休業日、定例健康診断
木曜日――衛生隊
金曜日――山砲兵隊
土曜日――輜重隊
将校は週に夜7回利用することが認められていた。慰安婦たちは、日割表どおりでも利用度がきわめて高いので、すべての客を相手にすることはできず、その結果、多くの兵士の間に険悪な感情を生みだすことになるとの不満をもらしていた。
兵士たちは慰安所にやって来て、料金を支払い、厚紙でこしらえた約2インチ四方の利用券を買ったが、それには左側に料金額、右側に慰安所の名称が書かれていた。次に、それぞれの兵士の所属と階級が確認され、そののちに兵士は「列をつくって順番を待った」。慰安婦は接客を断る権利を認められていた。接客拒否は、客が泥酔している場合にしばしば起こることであった。

報酬および生活状態

「慰安所の楼主」は、それぞれの慰安婦が、契約を結んだ時点でどの程度の債務額を負っていたかによって差はあるものの、慰安婦の稼ぎの総額の50ないし60パーセントを受け取っていた。これは、慰安婦が普通の月で総額1500円程度の稼ぎを得ていたことを意味する。慰安婦は、「楼主」に750円を渡していたのである。多くの「楼主」は、食料、その他の物品の代金として慰安婦たちに多額の請求をしていたため、彼女たちは生活困難に陥った。
1943年の後期に、軍は、借金を返済し終わった特定の慰安婦には帰国を認める旨の指示を出した。その結果、一部の慰安婦は朝鮮に帰ることを許された。
さらにまた、尋問が明らかにしているところによれば、これらの慰安婦の健康状態は良好であった。彼女たちは、あらゆるタイプの避妊具を十分に支給されており、


hadbeen supplied by the army. They were well trained in looking after boththemselves and customers in the matter of hygiene. A regular JapaneseArmy doctor visited the houses once a week and any girl found diseasedwas given treatment, secluded, and eventually sent to a hospital. Thissame procedure was carried on within the ranks of the Army itself, butit is interesting to note that a soldier did not lose pay during theperiod he was confined.

REACTIONS TO JAPANESE SOLDIERS;

Intheir relations with the Japanese officers and men only two names ofany consequence came out of interrogations. They were those of Col.Maruyama, commander of the garrison at Myitkyina and Maj. Gen.Mizukami,who brought in reinforcements. The two were exact opposites. The formerwas hard, selfish and repulsive with no consideration for his men; thelatter a good, kind man and a fine soldier, with the utmostconsideration for those who worked under him. The Colonel was a constanthabitué of the houses while the General was never known to have visitedthem. With the fall of Myitkyina, Col. Maruyama supposedly desertedwhile Gen. Mizukami committed suicide because he could not evacuate themen.

SOLDIERS REACTIONS;

Theaverage Japanese soldier is embarrassed about being seen in a "comforthouse" according to one of the girls who said, "when the place is packedhe is apt to be ashamed if he has to wait in line for his turn". However there were numerous instances of proposals of marriage and in certaincases marriages actually took place.

Allthe girls agreed that the worst officers and men who came to see themwere those who were drunk and leaving for the front the following day.But all likewise agreed that even though very drunk the Japanese soldiernever discussed military matters or secrets with them. Though the girlsmight start the conversation about some military matter the officer orenlisted man would not talk, but would in fact "scold us for discussingsuch un-lady like subjects. Even Col. Maruyama when drunk would neverdiscuss such matters."

Thesoldiers would often express how much they enjoyed receiving magazines,letters and newspapers from home. They also mentioned the receipt of"comfort bags" filled with canned goods, magazines, soap, handkerchiefs,toothbrush, miniature doll, lipstick, and wooden clothes. The lipstickand cloths were feminine and the girls couldn"t understand why thepeople at home were sending such articles. They speculated that thesender could only have had themselves or the "native girls".


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また、兵士たちも、軍から支給された避妊具を自分のほうからもって来る場合が多かった。慰安婦は衛生に関して、彼女たち自身についても客についても気配りすように十分な訓練を受けていた。日本軍の正規の軍医が慰安所を週に一度訪れたが、罹患していると認められた慰安婦はすべて処置を施され、隔離されたのち、最終的には病院に送られた。軍そのものの中でも、まったく同じ処置が施されたが、興味深いこととしては、兵士は入院してもその期間の給与をもらえなくなることはなかったという点が注目される。

日本の軍人に対する反応;

慰安婦と日本軍将兵との関係において、およそ重要 な人物としては、二人の名前が尋問から浮かび上がっただけである。それは、ミッチナ駐屯部隊指揮官の丸山大佐と、増援部隊を率いて来た水上少将であった。両者の性格は正反対であった。前者は、冷酷かつ利己的な嫌悪すべき人物で、部下に対してまったく思いやりがなかったが、後者は、人格のすぐれた心のやさしい人物であり、またりっぱな軍人で、彼のもとで仕事をする人たちに対してこの上ない思いやりをもっていた。大佐は慰安所の常連であったのに対し、後者が慰安所にやって来たという話は聞かなかった。ミッチナの陥落と同時に丸山大佐は脱出してしまったものと思われるが、水上将軍のほうは、部下を撤退させることができなかったという理由から自決した。

兵士たちの反応;

慰安婦の一人によれば、平均的な日本軍人は、「慰安所」にいるところを見られるのをきまり悪がり、彼女が言うには、「慰安所が大入り満員で、並んで順番を待たなければならない場合には、たいてい恥ずかしがる」そうである。しかし、結婚申し込みの事例はたくさんあり、実際に結婚が成立した例もいくつかあった。
すべての慰安婦の一致した意見では、彼女たちのところへやって来る将校と兵士のなかで最も始末が悪いのは、酒に酔っていて、しかも、翌日戦前に向かうことになっている連中であった。しかし、同様に彼女たちが口を揃えて言うには、日本の軍人は、たとえどんなに酔っていても、彼女たちを相手にして軍事にかかわる事柄や秘密について話すことは決してなかった。慰安婦たちが何か軍事上の事柄についての話を始めても、将校も下士官や兵士もしゃべろうとしないどころか、「そのような、女にふさわしくないことを話題にするな、といつも叱ったし、そのような事柄については丸山大佐でさえ、酒に酔っているときでも決して話さなかった」。
しばしば兵士たちは、故郷からの雑誌、手紙、新聞を受け取るのがどれほど楽しみであるかを語った。彼らは、缶詰、雑誌、石鹸、ハンカチーフ、歯ブラシ、小さな人形、口紅、下駄などがいっぱい入った「慰問袋」を受け取ったという話もした。口紅や下駄は、どう考えても女性向きのものであり、慰安婦たちには、故郷の人びとがなぜそのような品物を送ってくるのか理解できなかった。彼女たちは、送り主にしてみれば、自分自身つまり「本来の女性」を心に描くことしかできなかったのであろうと推測した。


REACTION TO THE MILITARY SITUATION;

It appears they knew very little about the military situation around Myitkyinaeven up to and including the time of
their retreat and capture. There is however some information worth nothing:

"In the initial attack on Myitleyna and the airstrip about two hundredJapanese died in battle, leaving about two hundred to defend the town.Ammunition was very low.

"Col.Maruyama dispersed his men. During the following days the enemy wereshooting haphazardly everywhere. It was a waste since they didn"t seemto aim at any particular thing. The Japanese soldiers on the other handhad orders to fire one shot at a time and only when they were sure of ahit."

Beforethe enemy attacked on the west airstrip, soldiers stationed aroundMyitkyina were dispatched elsewhere, to storm the Allied attack in theNorth and West. About four hundred men were left behind, largely fromthe 114th Regiment. Evidently Col. Maruyama did not expect the town tobe attacked. Later Maj. Gen. Mizukami of the 56th pision brought inreinforcements of more than two regiments but these were unable to holdthe town.

Itwas the consensus among the girls that Allied bombings were intense andfrightening and because of them they spent most of their last days infoxholes. One or two even carried on work there. The comfort houses werebombed and several of the girls were wounded and killed.


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軍事情勢に対する反応;

慰安婦たちは、彼女たちが退却し捕虜になる時点まで、さらにはその時点においても、ミッチナ周辺の軍事情勢については、ほとんど何も知らなかったようである。しかし、注目に値する若干の情報がある。

「ミッチナおよび同地の滑走路に対する最初の攻撃で、約200名の日本兵が戦死し、同市の防衛要員は200名程度になった。弾薬量はきわめて少なかった。」
「丸山大佐は部下を散開させた。その後数日間、敵は、いたる所で当てずっぽうに射撃していた。これという特定の対象を標的にしているようには思われなかったから、むだ撃ちであった。これに反して、日本兵は、一度に一発、それも間違いなく命中すると判断したときにのみ撃つように命令されていた。」

ミッチナ周辺に配備されていた兵士たちは、敵が西滑走路に攻撃をかける前に別の場所に急派され、北部および西部における連合国軍の攻撃を食い止めようとした。主として第114連隊所属の約400名が取り残された。明らかに、丸山大佐は、ミッチナが攻撃されるとは思っていなかったのである。その後、第56歩兵団の水上少将がニ箇連隊〔小隊〕以上の増援部隊を率いて来たものの、それをもってしても、ミッチナを防衛することはできなかった。
慰安婦たちの一致した言によれば、連合国軍による爆撃は度肝を抜くほど熾烈であり、そのため、彼女たちは最後の時期の大部分を蛸壺〔避難壕〕のなかで過ごしたそうである。そのような状況のなかで仕事を続けた慰安婦も1、2名いた。慰安所が爆撃され、慰安婦数名が負傷して死亡した。


REQUESTS

Noneof the girls appeared to have heard the loudspeaker used at Myitkyinabut very did overhear the soldiers mention a "radio broadcast."

Theyasked that leaflets telling of the capture of the "comfort girls"should not be used for it would endanger the lives of other girls if theArmy knew of their capture. They did think it would be a good idea toutilize the fact of their capture in any droppings planned for Korea.


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宣 伝;

慰安婦たちは、使用されていた反日宣伝リーフレットのことは、ほとんど何も知らなかった。慰安婦たちは兵士が手にしていたリーフレットを2、3見たことはあったが、それは日本語で書かれていたし、兵士は彼女たちを相手にそれについて決して話そうとはしなかったので、内容を理解できた慰安婦はほとんどいなかった。一人の慰安婦が丸山大佐についてのリーフレット(それはどうやらミッチナ駐屯部隊へのアピールだったようであるが)のことうを覚えていたが、しかし、彼女はそれを信じなかった。兵士がリーフレットのことを話しあっているのを聞いた慰安婦も何人かいたが、彼女たちたまたま耳にしたからといって、具体的な話を聞くことはなかった。しかし、興味深い点としては、ある将校が「日本はこの戦争に勝てない」との見解を述べたことが注目される。

要 望;

慰安婦のなかで、ミッチナで使用された拡声器による放送を聞いた者は誰もいなかったようだが、彼女たちは、兵士が「ラジオ放送」のことを話しているのを確かに聞いた。
彼女たちは、「慰安婦」が捕虜になったことを報じるリーフレットは使用しないでくれ、と要望した。彼女たちが捕虜になったことを軍が知ったら、たぶん他の慰安婦の生命が危険になるからである。しかし、慰安婦たちは、自分たちが捕虜になったという事実を報じるリーフレットを朝鮮で計画されていると盂家に活用するのは名案であろうと、確かに考えたのである。

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付録A

以下はこの報告に用いられた情報を得るために尋問を受けた20人の朝鮮;人「慰安婦」と日本人民間人2人の名前である。朝鮮;人名は音読みで表記してい る。

  名  年齢   住 所
1 「S」 21歳 慶尚南道晋州
2 「K」 28歳 慶尚南道三千浦〔以下略〕
3 「P」 26歳 慶尚南道晋州
4 「C」 21歳 慶尚北道大邱
5 「C」 27歳 慶尚南道晋州
6 「K」 25歳 慶尚北道大邱
7 「K」 19歳 慶尚北道大邱
8 「K」 25歳 慶尚南道釜山
9 「K」 21歳 慶尚南道クンボク
(ママ)
10 「K」 22歳 慶尚南道大邱
11 「K」 26歳 慶尚南道晋州
12 「P」 27歳 慶尚南道晋州
(ママ)
13 「C」 21歳 慶尚南道慶山郡〔以下略〕
14 「K」 21歳 慶尚南道咸陽〔以下略〕
15 「Y」 31歳 平安南道平壌
16 「O」 20歳 平安南道平壌
17 「K」 20歳 京畿道京城
18 「H」 21歳 京畿道京城
19 「O」 20歳 慶尚北道大邱
20 「K」 21歳 全羅南道光州

日本人民間人
1  キタムラトミコ 38歳 京畿道京城
2  キタムラエイブン 41歳 京畿道京城


TOTAL: 9654

번호 제목 글쓴이 날짜 조회 추천
7094 高崎まつり ななこも 2015-06-27 1160 0
7093 八戸えんぶり ななこも 2015-06-26 1147 0
7092 南相馬市 相馬野馬追 ななこも 2015-06-25 1149 0
7091 Ultra BIG 七尾市でか山 大地主神社 ななこも 2015-06-24 1200 0
7090 yosakoi matsuri ななこも 2015-06-21 1876 0
7089 백제 문화제 ななこも 2015-06-21 1440 0
7088 Neputa matsuri ななこも 2015-06-20 1181 0
7087 Sao Paulo Carnival ななこも 2015-06-20 1148 0
7086 Himi Gion Matsuri ななこも 2015-06-17 1777 0
7085 종전시 10세였던 위안부 김씨가 사망 ....... JAPAV 2015-06-15 1410 0
7084 사자춤 ななこも 2015-06-11 1929 0
7083 宇出津あばれ祭り ななこも 2015-06-07 1153 0
7082 d 프리스탈 2015-06-06 1210 0
7081 d 프리스탈 2015-06-06 981 0
7080 영화 「아웃 브레이크」그 자체다 sake01 2015-06-05 1273 0
7079 ㅅㄷ 프리스탈 2015-06-03 2863 0
7078 平五郎稲荷神社宮入 ななこも 2015-06-02 1080 0
7077 백정의 기원 fudge 2015-06-01 1469 0
7076 Danjiri Happening Collection だんじりハプ....... ななこも 2015-06-07 1468 0
7075 淡路市岩屋 石屋神社秋祭り ななこも 2015-05-31 1174 0